Table of Contents
Understanding Algae Blooms
Algae blooms are excessive growths of algae in a body of water.
Causes of Algae Blooms
1. Fertilizers – An excess of nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus in the water, often due to runoff from fertilized lawns. These nutrients promote rapid algae growth, leading to the formation of algae blooms.
2. Pet Waste – Dog and cat waste can contribute to nutrient pollution
3. Sewage leaks – Faulty septic systems or sewer lines can release nutrients into the water.
4. Atmospheric deposition – Nitrogen and phosphorus can be transported to ponds through the atmosphere.
5. Still or Stagnant Water – Calm waters allow algae to accumulate and grow
In Florida’s unique ecosystem, with its warm climate, abundant sunlight, and nutrient-rich waters, algae blooms are a common occurrence.
Health Issues due to Algae Blooms
Algae blooms can cause several health issues:
- Direct contact with algae-contaminated water can cause skin rashes and eye
- Respiratory issues such as coughing and throat irritation from inhaling water droplets containing toxins
- Ingesting contaminated water can result in gastrointestinal issues such as stomach pain, vomiting, and diarrhea
- In severe cases, exposure to certain types of algae can lead to liver damage and neurological effects
What are the signs of impending Algae Bloom?
Here are some common indicators to watch for:
- Water Color Changes – The water may turn green, blue-green, brown, or even red. It might look like paint has been spilled on the surface
- Surface Scum or Mats – You might see scum, foam, or mats of algae on the water’s surface
- Bad Odor – The water may start to smell bad, similar to rotten eggs or sewage, due to the gases released by decaying algae
- Dead Fish or Other Aquatic Life – You might notice dead fish or other animals in or around the water
- Increased Plant Growth – Excessive growth of aquatic plants can also be a sign of nutrient buildup, which can lead to algae blooms
How to prevent Algae Blooms?
Preventing algae blooms in your pond involves managing nutrient levels and maintaining good water quality. Here are some steps you can take::
- Reduce Nutrient Runoff – Limit fertilizer use near the Water bodies such as Ponds. Use slow-release fertilizers and avoid applying them before heavy rain.
- Buffer Zones – Create buffer zones with plants around the water bodies to absorb excess nutrients before they reach the water
- Aerate the Water – Install a fountain or aerator to increase oxygen levels in the water, which can help prevent algae growth
- Regular Maintenance – Remove debris and fallen leaves from the water bodies regularly to prevent nutrient buildup. Monitor water quality and test for nutrient levels periodically
- Use Barley Straw – Add barley straw specially to ponds. It can help inhibit algae growth as it decomposes
Who to contact in case of Algae Bloom?
For addressing algae blooms in Florida, you can contact the following organizations:
- Community Development District (CDD): Contacting your Community Development District (CDD) is a great idea for addressing algae problems in a community pond. CDDs are responsible for managing and maintaining common areas and infrastructure within their communities, which often includes ponds and water bodies
- Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP)
– Toll-Free Hotline: 855-305-3903
– Online Reporting: Report Algae Bloom - Florida Fish and Wildlife Research Institute (FWRI)
– Fish Kill Hotline: 800-636-0511
– Wildlife Alert Hotline: 888-404-3922 - Florida Department of Health
– For health advisories and concerns related to algae blooms, contact your local county health department or the Florida Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222
These organizations can provide guidance, testing, and necessary actions to manage and mitigate the algae bloom.
Important Links
HAB Article from Florida Health Department
https://www.floridahealth.gov/environmental-health/aquatic-toxins/harmful-algae-blooms/index.html
Algal Bloom Dashboard | Florida Department of Environmental Protection
https://floridadep.gov/AlgalBloom
Florida Department of Environmental Protection
https://floridadep.gov/dear/algal-bloom/content/algal-bloom-contacts
